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Asthma is a common but potentially life threatening chronic disease. Common symptoms include e.g. wheezing, shortness of breath and chest tightness. Currently, asthma cannot be cured, but it can be effectively controlled with regular medications.

Corticosteroids
Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) is the mainstay of long-term management of asthma. It prevents severe exacerbation and hospitalization by effectively reducing both constriction and inflammation of the bronchus. ICS may be used in combination with bronchodilators based on the severity of asthma. Patients should be reminded to rinse their mouth with water and split out after each dose of ICS to prevent oral thrush.

Bronchodilators
Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist acting both as a bronchodilator and an anti-inflammatory. It may be used in as an alternative to or in combination with ICS. Compared with other oral bronchodilators (e.g. Salbutamol, Theophylline), Montelukast is generally well-tolerated. However, patients should be aware of the risk of rare neuropsychiatric symptoms e.g. serious behaviour and mood changes.