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Hypotension is also known as low blood pressure. Symptoms may include dizziness, fatigue and blurred vision. Unlike hypertension, complications are rare for hypotension. However, severe hypotension can be fatal during medical procedures like anaesthesia and haemodialysis. Corrective factors like volume depletion, anemia and heart disease should be ruled out prior to the use of medications.

Noradrenaline
Noradrenaline is a naturally occurring hormone in the body. It acts mainly on alpha receptors to induce constriction of peripheral blood vessels to increase blood pressure. It also acts moderately on beta-1 receptor to increase heart contractility which indirectly increases blood pressure.

Alpha sympathomimetics
Sympathomimetics are chemicals that mimic the effects of endogenous agonists such as noradrenaline. Alpha sympathomimetics (e.g. Phenylephrine, Midodrine) are selective to alpha-1 receptor and thus minimize the effects on the heart. Midodrine is available as oral tablets and doses should be taken at least 4 hours before bedtime to prevent supine hypertension.